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The United Kingdom Of Great Britania and Northern Ireland
Kategorie: Angličtina (celkem: 844 referátů a seminárek)
Informace o referátu:
- Přidal/a: bonolennes
- Datum přidání: 07. října 2007
- Zobrazeno: 1992×
Příbuzná témata
The United Kingdom Of Great Britania and Northern Ireland
Great Britain is situated in the British Isles. It consists of three parts: England, Wales and Scotland. The British Isles are situated in the north-east of the Atlantic Ocean and they involve also Ireland, the Hebrides, The Orkneys, the Shetlands and many others (Isle of Man, Channel Islands).
The surface of Great Britain covers the whole major (British) island – 244,021 km2 and small part of Ireland – only 13,600 km2. England occupies the middle and southern part of the British Isles, Wales is situated on a peninsula of the same name along the west coast of the British Isles, Scotland occupies northern part of BI and Northern Ireland takes up the north-eastern part of the Irish island.
The mountain ranges are massifs extending about two thirds of the length of the British Isles. The most mountainous area of Great Britain is Scotland. The highest British mountain is Ben Nevis – it measures 1343 m. The lowland areas occupy the main part of the major island’s southern half. The rivers are very important as sources of energy. Among the most important and biggest river is the Thames (336 m), which flows into the North Sea. The longest river is the Severn with 338 m. Other important rivers are the Trent, the Tay and the Tweed. The largest lakes are, however, in Northern Ireland: Lough Neagh, Lough Erne. From the Scottish lakes the most famous are Loch Lomond and, especially, Loch Ness.
The climate of Great Britain is influence of the sea. Winter temperatures are higher and summer temperatures are lower.
Great Britain is rich in black coal. Oil and natural gas are taken from the North Sea. Additionally, gravel, sand, sandstone, chalk, limestone, clay, iron ore and salt are mined in Great Britain. The sea surrounding the land brings a lot of advantages to the country. One of them is fishing and another naval transportation.
There are many branches of industry. The most advanced are chemical, textile and aviation industries; manufacturing of transportation vehicles and the electronics industry. The important centres are Yorkshire, London, Manchester, South Wales etc.
Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. Parliamentary democracy is practiced there. Parliament consists of two houses – the House of Lords (hereditary for life) and the House of Commons. There are 635 seats here. Elections take place after five years. The Prime Minister selects the other ministers. Twenty of them form the Cabinet. The second most powerful party forms the Opposition.